Chronic Pain

Chronic pain is defined as pain that persists for three months or longer, often continuing beyond the expected healing time of an injury or illness. It can affect any part of the body and may stem from a known medical condition (like arthritis, fibromyalgia, or nerve damage) or exist without a clear physical cause. Over time, chronic pain can impact nearly every area of a person’s life—disrupting sleep, mood, energy levels, relationships, work, and overall quality of life. It’s not just a physical experience; chronic pain also affects and is affected by emotional, cognitive, and psychological factors.

Psychotherapy plays a powerful role in managing chronic pain, especially when used alongside medical treatments.

 

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is one of the most researched and effective approaches. It helps individuals change unhelpful thought patterns related to pain (“This will never get better” or “I can’t cope”) and teaches practical strategies for improving functioning, such as pacing activities, relaxation techniques, and goal setting. Mindfulness-based approaches help individuals develop greater awareness and acceptance of their pain without becoming overwhelmed by it. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) focuses on helping people live meaningful lives, even with ongoing pain, by reducing avoidance and increasing psychological flexibility.

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Psychotherapy doesn’t "cure" chronic pain, but it reduces suffering, enhances coping, and helps people regain control over their lives. It addresses the emotional toll of living with pain, including depression, anxiety, grief, and trauma, and supports individuals in rebuilding confidence, identity, and hope.