Learning Disorders

Learning Disorders, also known as Specific Learning Disorders (SLD), are neurodevelopmental conditions that affect a person's ability to acquire and use academic skills despite having average or above-average intelligence, adequate instruction, and opportunity to learn. These difficulties are persistent, begin during school-age years, and are not due to intellectual disability, sensory impairment, or external factors like inadequate teaching.

​

Learning disorders typically affect one or more of the following areas:

• Reading: Trouble with accurate or fluent word recognition, decoding, and spelling. Individuals may read slowly, make frequent errors, or avoid reading altogether.

• Written Expression: Difficulty organizing thoughts on paper, poor grammar, spelling, punctuation, or handwriting.

• Mathematics: Problems understanding numbers, learning math facts, or performing calculations and problem-solving tasks.​

​

Children and adults with learning disorders often experience frustration, low self-esteem, or anxiety related to academic performance, which can affect their overall well-being. These challenges are lifelong but can be effectively managed.

Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive cognitive assessment. Treatment and support may include individualized education plans (IEPs), specialized instruction, tutoring, accommodations (such as extra time on tests), and skill-building therapies. Early identification and intervention are key to helping individuals with learning disorders thrive academically and emotionally.